2.1 Introduction
Electronic infrastructures is one of the three movers that change the way we live in addition to, the social revitalization and literacy. The electronic infrastructures has many features such as mobility, interactivity, convertibility, connectivity and globalization. Therefore, the university as any other organization need to have good electronic infrastructures which enable it to manage its operations by using the effective manner (Toffler, 1990).
Figure 2.1: Futures of Electronic Infrastructures
In the other words, the importance of electronic infrastructures for managing all forms and types can no longer be denied. The university as an organization requires to adopt an efficient electronic infrastructures to perform the tasks for doing the right things, not doing the things right to achieve its overall goal of producing unique products or services at a low cost within a short time period.
In the 21st century, with the latest technology the world is moving towards multi-directional strength in order to obtain the best solutions for people within a short period of time. The University Management System is the generation of the automated university system. The University Management System provides all the features for the implementation of a broad range of products and services to the various sectors: academic and student, administrative, Security Services that are maintained from a single database. The interface is simple and more friendly.
In this chapter, the UMS is defined for identification of its components, features and benefits. In addition to the statement of reality the management system of Iraqi university includes the operations of registration, communication and documentation. The obstacles faced in attempts of developing this system are also discussed. In the addition, there is a review of some previous relevant researches that are relevant to this research study to illustrate the methods and mechanisms together with the results that obtained.
2.2 Work Smart not Hard
The current world that we are in today changes the way we perform our daily routines. It is based on the concept of re-evaluation, which is a much needed ability to able to re-measure any changes in society and the environment.
According to Lisa Petrides (2003) knowledge management consists of three core organizational resources, namely people (workforce), processes and technology (IT infrastructures), to enable the organization to use and share the information more efficiently and effectively. Each of these resources can act as a factor to support or challenge the operations in the organization; which is dependent on the method of interaction among these factors. Like any company, the university requires these factors to interact in a systematic manner in order to interact in some systematic fashion. In other words, the successful management of any university depends on trained and efficient staff, appropriate technology and organizational processes. Figure 2.2 explains the overlapping of the KM factors.
Figure 2.2: Three factors of KM
